A cast coin from Umbria, Tuder - TV-167

A cast Sextans from Umbria, Tuder - Cicada / Trident

TV-167; 220 - 200 BC

11.45 grams / 21 mm

Cast coins circulated in Central Italy until Rome's second Carthaginian war. By that time, bronze was scarce and the weight of the base unit, the As, had dropped from 300 grams to 50 grams or less. Bronze fractions of the As dropped in weight also. Tuder was an independent city and issued coins with a weight standard similar to Rome's. This coin was issued late in the cycle.
This coin is not recorded in Roman Republican books Crawford or Sear. It is listed in books on cast coins by Vecchi, Thurlow & Vecchi, Sydenham, Haberline and Garrucci. It is in HN Italy also. I have digital copies of Haberline & Garrucci. See a previous post for a place to download the books. Haberline had 8 pictures of this coin type and reported weights for 124 coins in his book. The average weight of the heaviest 26 coins was 50 grams. The lightest 98 coins averaged 18 grams. Only two were lighter than my coin. When I looked on line today, 3 of 7 coins I found were lighter than mine.

Country	Umbria
Type or era	Cent Italy Cast
Coin type	AES Grave Uncia
Mint	Tuder
Issued by	Anon TV 167
Issued by	anonymous
Title of issuer
Mint Date, BC	-220	-220 to -200
Weight, grams	11.45
Weight - max	17.95	50.18
Weight - min	10.40	32.5
Weight - avg	13.900	42.64	equal to As of 83.4 / 242.8
Weight - st dev	98.000	26
Number
Diameter - max	20.9
Diameter - min	20.8
Diameter - max
Diameter - min
Diameter - avg
Diameter - st dev
Metal	AE
Serrated	N
Cr	TV 167	TV 161 is the same but larger and older
BMCRR	V 226	V 220 is the same but larger and older
Sear: #, VF, EF
RSC: #, VF, EF
CRR / AG	AG 225	AG 38 is the same but larger and older
CRI	HNI 49	HNI 44 is the same but larger and older
NMWar	Hab Pl 81, 23-26
NMCr	Gar Pl LV, 9
Orientation
Orientation
Purchased from	Baldwins
Purchase date
Price
Currency	GBP
Excahange rate	1.518
Grade
Grade	VF
Centering	well centered
Strike	cast
Flan flaws	small piece missing where broken from mold
Style	typical, crude artwork for small cast coin
Patination	brown
Damage	none
Obverse	Cicada	Sydenham says fly in AG.
Reverse	Trident
Obverse	Cicada with two dots, one on either side
Reverse	Trident with two dots to R and Vt to left. Haeberline gives 3 forms to the second letter: t, y, r (approximately)
Examples Haeberline	98	Haberline had two groups.
The earlier group was larger and older. Mine was small and later.